Iyo uguraikawa, dukunze kubona amakuru kumupaki nkubwoko butandukanye, gusya ingano, urwego rwokeje, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ndetse nibisobanuro bya flavour. Ntibisanzwe kubona ikintu cyose kivuga ubunini bwibishyimbo, ariko mubyukuri, iki nacyo ni ingingo ngenderwaho yo gupima ubuziranenge.
Kuringaniza Sisitemu
Kuki ingano ari ngombwa? Nigute bigira ingaruka kuburyohe? Ibishyimbo binini buri gihe bisobanura ubuziranenge bwiza? Mbere yo gucengera muri ibi bibazo, reka tubanze dusobanukirwe nibintu bimwe byibanze.
Mugihe cyo gutunganya ibishyimbo bya kawa, abayikora batondagura ibishyimbo mubunini binyuze mubikorwa bita "kwerekana."
Kwerekana bifashisha amashanyarazi menshi afite ubunini butandukanye bwa mesh kuva kuri santimetero 20/64 (8.0 mm) kugeza kuri 8/64 (3,2 mm) kugirango itandukanye ubunini bwibishyimbo.
Ingano, kuva 20/64 kugeza 8/64, yitwa "amanota" kandi mubisanzwe ikoreshwa mugusuzuma ubwiza bwibishyimbo bya kawa.
Kuki Ingano ari ngombwa?
Muri rusange, uko ikawa nini nini, uburyohe bwiza. Ibi biterwa ahanini nuko ibishyimbo bifite igihe kirekire cyo gukura no gukura ku giti cya kawa, bigatuma habaho iterambere ryimpumuro nziza nuburyohe.
Mu bwoko bubiri bwa kawa, Arabica na Robusta, bingana na 97% by’umusaruro w’ikawa ku isi, ibishyimbo binini byitwa “Maragogipe,” kuva kuri 19/64 kugeza kuri 20/64. Ariko, hariho ibitandukanijwe, nkibishyimbo bito kandi byibanze kuri "Peaberry", bizaganirwaho nyuma.
Ingano zitandukanye z'amanota n'ibiranga
Ibishyimbo bipima hagati ya 18/64 na 17/64 santimetero byashyizwe mubikorwa byinganda nkibishyimbo "Kinini". Ukurikije inkomoko, barashobora kugira amazina yihariye nka “Supremo” (Kolombiya), “Ikirenga” (Amerika yo hagati), cyangwa “AA” (Afurika n'Ubuhinde). Niba ubona aya magambo kubipakira, mubisanzwe byerekana ibishyimbo bya kawa nziza. Ibi bishyimbo bikura mugihe kirekire, kandi nyuma yo kubitunganya neza, uburyohe bwabyo buragaragara.
Ibikurikira ni ibishyimbo bya “Medium”, bipima hagati ya santimetero 15/64 na 16/64, bizwi kandi nka “Excelso,” “Segundas,” cyangwa “AB.” Nubwo zikuze mugihe gito gito, hamwe no gutunganya neza, zirashobora kugeraho cyangwa zikarenga muri rusange igikombe cyibishyimbo binini.
Ibishyimbo bipima santimetero 14/64 byitwa "Ibishyimbo bito" (nanone bita "UCQ," "Terceras," cyangwa "C"). Mubisanzwe bifatwa nkibishyimbo byo hasi, nubwo uburyohe bwabyo buracyemewe. Ariko, iri tegeko ntabwo ryuzuye. Kurugero, muri Etiyopiya, aho usanga ibishyimbo bito byiganjemo cyane, hamwe no gutunganya neza, ibishyimbo bito nabyo birashobora gutanga uburyohe bwinshi nimpumuro nziza.
Ibishyimbo bito bya santimetero 14/64 byitwa "Shell" ibishyimbo kandi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubivange bya kawa bihendutse. Ariko, hariho ibidasanzwe - ibishyimbo "Peaberry", nubwo ari bito, bifatwa nkibishyimbo bihebuje.
Ibidasanzwe
Ibishyimbo bya Maragogipe
Ibishyimbo bya Maragogipe bikorerwa cyane cyane muri Afurika no mu Buhinde, ariko kubera ubunini bwabyo, bikunda kotsa bitaringaniye, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho uburyohe butandukanye. Kubwibyo, ntabwo bafatwa nkibishyimbo byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Nyamara, iki kibazo cyihariye cyubwoko bwa Arabica na Robusta.
Hariho kandi amoko abiri mato angana na 3% yumusaruro wisi - Liberica na Excelsa. Ubu bwoko butanga ibishyimbo binini, bisa nubunini bwibishyimbo bya Maragogipe, ariko kubera ko ibishyimbo bigoye, bihagarara neza mugihe cyo kotsa kandi bifatwa nkubuziranenge.
Ibishyimbo bya Peaberry
Ibishyimbo bya Peaberry biri hagati ya 8/64 na 13/64 z'ubunini. Nubwo ari nto mu bunini, bakunze gufatwa nk '“ikawa idasanzwe” kandi ihumura neza, rimwe na rimwe bakitwa “ishingiro rya kawa.”
Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku bunini bwa Kawa
Ingano yikawa igenwa cyane cyane nubwoko butandukanye, ariko ibintu bidukikije nkikirere nuburebure nabyo bigira uruhare runini.
Niba ubutaka, ikirere, nubutumburuke bidakwiriye, ibishyimbo byubwoko bumwe birashobora kuba kimwe cya kabiri cyubunini buringaniye, akenshi bivamo ubuziranenge.
Byongeye kandi, no mubihe bimwe, igipimo cyo gukura kwimbuto ku giti kimwe cya kawa kirashobora gutandukana. Nkigisubizo, isarura rimwe rishobora kubamo ibishyimbo bingana.
Umwanzuro
Nyuma yo gusoma iyi ngingo, abantu benshi barashobora gutangira kwitondera ingano yikawa mugihe bahisemo ibishyimbo byaboimashini yikawa yikora. Iki nikintu cyiza kuko ubu urumva akamaro k'ubunini bwibishyimbo kuri flavour.
Ibyo byavuzwe, benshiimashini ya kawaba nyirubwite kandi bavanga ibishyimbo binini bitandukanye, bahindura ubuhanga muburyo butandukanye, guteka, nuburyo bwo guteka kugirango bakore uburyohe butangaje.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-21-2025
